List of 20 HTML interview questions along with their answers, suitable for freshers:
HTML Interview Questions-Answers For Freshers
1. What is HTML?
– HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the standard markup language for creating web pages.
2. What are the basic components of an HTML document?
– An HTML document consists of elements such as tags, attributes, text content, and links.
3. What is the purpose of HTML tags?
– HTML tags are used to define the structure and content of web documents. They mark up elements such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, images, etc.
4. Differentiate between HTML elements and tags.
– HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML documents, while tags are used to define and enclose these elements within the document.
5. What is the basic structure of an HTML document?
– The basic structure of an HTML document consists of the `<html>`, `<head>`, and `<body>` elements. `<html>` defines the root of the document, `<head>` contains metadata and links to external resources, and `<body>` contains the content of the document.
6. Explain the difference between HTML and XHTML.
– HTML is more lenient and allows for errors, while XHTML is stricter and requires well-formed syntax. XHTML documents must be properly nested and close all tags.
7. What are empty elements in HTML?
– Empty elements, also known as self-closing elements, do not have a closing tag. Examples include `<br>`, `<img>`, and `<input>`.
8. What is the purpose of the `<!DOCTYPE>` declaration?
– The `<!DOCTYPE>` declaration specifies the document type and version of HTML being used. It helps web browsers to render the page correctly.
9. Explain the difference between `<div>` and `<span>` elements.
– `<div>` is a block-level element used for grouping and styling larger sections of content, while `<span>` is an inline element typically used for styling smaller sections of text or elements.
10. What is the purpose of the `<meta>` tag?
– The `<meta>` tag is used to provide metadata about the HTML document. It includes information such as character encoding, viewport settings, and authorship details.
11. What is the role of the `alt` attribute in the `<img>` tag?
– The `alt` attribute provides alternative text for an image. It is displayed in place of the image if the image fails to load or if the user is using a screen reader.
12. What is semantic HTML?
– Semantic HTML refers to using HTML elements that convey meaning beyond just presentation. Examples include `<header>`, `<nav>`, `<footer>`, and `<article>`.
13. Explain the difference between absolute and relative URLs.
– Absolute URLs contain the full address of a resource, including the protocol and domain, while relative URLs specify the path relative to the current document.
14. What is the purpose of the `<iframe>` tag?
– The `<iframe>` tag is used to embed another HTML document within the current document. It is commonly used for embedding videos, maps, or other external content.
15. What is the difference between the `id` attribute and the `class` attribute?
– The `id` attribute uniquely identifies an element within a document, while the `class` attribute is used to group elements together for styling purposes.
16. Explain the purpose of the `<form>` element.
– The `<form>` element is used to create an HTML form for collecting user input. It can contain various input elements such as text fields, checkboxes, radio buttons, and submit buttons.
17. What is the purpose of the `<head>` section in an HTML document?
– The `<head>` section contains metadata about the document, including the title, character encoding, stylesheets, scripts, and other essential information for the browser.
18. What is the difference between `<ol>` and `<ul>`?
– `<ol>` is used to create ordered lists, where each item is numbered, while `<ul>` is used to create unordered lists, where each item is preceded by a bullet point.
19. Explain the role of the `<table>` element in HTML.
– The `<table>` element is used to create tabular data. It consists of rows (`<tr>`), columns (`<td>` or `<th>`), and headers (`<thead>`, `<tbody>`, `<tfoot>`).
20. What is the purpose of the `href` attribute in the `<a>` tag?
  – The `href` attribute specifies the URL of the destination page or resource that the link points to when clicked.
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